Date of Conferral

4-27-2026

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Health Sciences

Advisor

Jason Baker

Abstract

Immigrant populations experience persistent challenges within the U.S. healthcare system, including marginalization, discrimination, and limited access to understandable health information, which contribute to health disparities. Factors such as low income, cultural differences, and intersecting identities related to gender and race further compound these challenges. This qualitative phenomenological study examined how these social determinants of health influenced the health literacy experiences of African immigrant mothers in Greensboro, North Carolina. Data were collected through encrypted WhatsApp audio interviews with eight African immigrant mothers who had used healthcare services in the United States. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes. Findings revealed that systemic barriers, cultural communication challenges, and perceived provider bias significantly affected participants’ ability to access, understand, and apply health information. Despite these obstacles, participants demonstrated resilience by seeking information through community networks, digital resources, and self-advocacy strategies. The study concluded that improving health literacy among African immigrant mothers requires culturally responsive communication, equitable treatment, and intentional efforts to address structural and relational barriers within healthcare settings. The findings may contribute to positive social change by informing healthcare providers, researchers, and policymakers about strategies to promote inclusive, patient-centered care for immigrant populations.

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