Date of Conferral

7-15-2026

Date of Award

July 2026

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Psychology

Advisor

Lamarcus Bolton

Abstract

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a type of depression linked to seasonal changes, primarily affects individuals during fall and winter. More insight was needed on the prevalence of SAD and the role of social support in moderating its impact on organizational outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between SAD and organizational outcomes, including employee well-being, absenteeism, job satisfaction, and productivity, in the Northeastern United States, where SAD symptoms are more prevalent due to environmental factors. Engel’s biopsychosocial model and Cullen’s social support theory provided a theoretical framework for the study. A quantitative cross-sectional design, featuring structured surveys and questionnaires, was used. Data from 338 participants were examined using t-tests, regression, and moderation analyses. The findings revealed that greater SAD symptom severity was significantly associated with increased work impairment and absenteeism, as well as lower psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Social support moderated the relationship between SAD severity and work impairment, such that higher levels of support were associated with reduced productivity-related impacts; however, this moderating effect was not observed for absenteeism, well-being, or job satisfaction. This study may contribute to positive social change by raising organizational leaders’ awareness of workplace mental health and the need for policies that address key social determinants of health.

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