Date of Conferral

12-9-2025

Date of Award

December 2025

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Psychology

Advisor

Teonna Watson

Abstract

This research explored the prevalence of sexual harassment and assault among students at U.S. colleges and universities, aiming to quantify incident rates and assess their impact on academic and psychological well-being. Grounded in socioecological and intersectional theories, the research examined how environmental interactions and interconnected social identities shape individual experiences. Specifically, this research explored (a) the link between the percentage of female students and the prevalence of sexual violence on campuses; (b) how the proportion of first-generation students relates to sexual violence prevalence; (c) the connection between campus size and rates of sexual violence; and (d) whether gender makeup, first-year student percentages, and campus size predict sexual violence prevalence. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, archival data from 120 colleges and universities over three academic years were analyzed, focusing on demographic variables related to incidents of sexual misconduct. Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s correlation and linear regression, assessed relationships between independent variables and prevalence. Findings unveiled no significant relationships between female students or first-generation status and sexual violence prevalence. However, a notable negative correlation was identified between campus size and incident rates, suggesting that larger campuses report fewer incidents. Although certain demographic factors did not predict prevalence, campus size may influence reporting. Directions include implementing comprehensive prevention programs and aid systems tailored to student needs. This study stresses the critical need for policy reform to foster a safer campus and promote a culture of respect and accountability.

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