Date of Conferral

11-11-2025

Date of Award

November 2025

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Psychology

Advisor

Natalie Marr

Abstract

First responders face an increased risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to repeated exposure to traumatic events. While traditional treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication remain standard, peer support has become a supplementary strategy. However, limited research has investigated how licensed therapists view the role of peer support in clinical care. Therapists’ perspectives on the effectiveness, limitations, and integration of peer support in first responder PTSD recovery were explored in this qualitative, phenomenological study. Guided by Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model of stress and coping and Masten’s resilience theory, how peer support serves as both a coping mechanism and resilience-building intervention were examined. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with licensed mental health professionals experienced in treating first responders. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and NVivo 15 software. In a review of the scientific literature, therapists identified peer support as emotionally validating and resilience-building but noted concerns about inconsistent implementation and lack of clinical oversight. Effectiveness varied depending on organizational structure, stigma, and confidentiality issues. Integration with formal therapy was inconsistent, highlighting the need for better collaboration. The findings support developing structured, evidence-based peer support models aligned with best practices. Implications for positive social change include reducing stigma, increasing access to interventions, and strengthening trauma recovery among high-risk occupational groups.

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