Date of Conferral

10-23-2025

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Nursing

Advisor

Deborah Lewis

Abstract

More than 50% of women experience excessive weight gain during pregnancy or are overweight at the start of pregnancy, increasing their risk of short and long-term maternal and fetal complications. The literature highlights the relationship between sociocultural factors and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and the need to explore these factors in ethnic subgroups. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study, guided by Nola Pender’s health promotion model, was to explore the sociocultural factors that influence EGWG for pregnant women living in Puerto Rico. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participants recruited from public and private prenatal clinics in Puerto Rico. Using content analysis, seven overarching themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) nutrition, (b) beliefs, (c) knowledge, (d) support systems, (e) healthcare providers, (f) effects of weight gain, and (g) generational change. The findings showed that social and cultural factors are interrelated and influence each other, facilitating or hindering the achievement of adequate gestational weight gain (GWG). This study provides valuable information to educate health professionals and support the need to develop culturally relevant interventions to promote weight control during pregnancy. Further research is recommended on the facilitators and barriers from this population's social and cultural context. The results of this study have significant implications for positive social change, contributing to improved maternal and child health, healthier families and communities, a higher quality of life, and reduced healthcare costs related to EGWG complications.

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