Date of Conferral

11-25-2024

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Public Health

Advisor

Hadi Danawi

Abstract

Although male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, affecting 2,000 men in the United States each year and comprising approximately 1% of all breast cancer diagnoses, mortality for those diagnosed with MBC is significantly higher than for women diagnosed with breast cancer. Recent research on the disparities in mortality rates between men and women revealed that there may be unexplained factors for the diagnostic disparities between men and women. Bandura’s (1986) SCT was used as the theoretical framework for this quantitative study.The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to determine whether there was an association between socioeconomic status, obesity, stage at diagnosis of breast cancer, and 5-year survival rate among men, controlling for education and income. Social cognitive theory was used as the theoretical framework. Secondary data were gathered from the National Cancer Database. The sample size was 14,341. Statistical analysis techniques included descriptive analysis, ordinal logistic regression, proportional hazard regression, and a Bonferroni test. Body mass index categories and education were not significantly associated with 5-year survival of patients (p > .05). Furthermore, age at diagnosis, family history of cancer, and stage at diagnosis did not significantly predict the 5-year survival of patients (p >.05). The research question considering income as a covariate was not addressed because income was not collected and included in the database. Results may be used to inform an early-detection advocacy-awareness program about the risk and prevalence of MBC, which may foster proper education about MBC and effect positive social change among men.

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