Date of Conferral

10-14-2024

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Counselor Education and Supervision

Advisor

Melinda Haley

Abstract

Within counseling supervision relationships, supervisor feedback is an important aspect of counselors-in-training (CIT) development to improve CIT counseling competency and confidence in practice. Effective supervision requires CITs to disclose details about their practice, including counseling approaches, interpretations, challenges, and errors. Prior research has indicated CITs withheld information as often as 97% of the time in some cases. Grounded in a psychoanalytic theoretical foundation, the purpose of this quantitative survey study was to examine if the quality of supervision relationships and CIT resilience predicted CIT willingness to disclose during supervision. The researcher analyzed data using descriptive statistics, a stepwise multiple regression for the main analysis, and a linear regression to examine if CIT resilience moderated the effect of relationship quality. The final sample included 92 CITs who met the inclusion criteria of being at least 18 years old and currently receiving counseling supervision for academic or professional practice. Results of the regression analysis were statistically significant for Model 1, showing higher relationship scores explained 8% of the variability in CIT disclosure, F(2, 90) = 8.008, p = .006, R2 =.082 and for Model 2, where the combined relationship scores and CIT resilience explained 12% of the variability in CIT disclosure, F(1, 89) = 4.020, p = .048, R2 =.121. There was no statistically significant indication that resilience served as a moderator between relationship quality and disclosure behaviors. This research can foster social change by increasing supervisors’ awareness of relational dynamics in counseling supervision. Ultimately, this may enhance counseling practices and client outcomes.

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