Shared Contextual Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Among Women

Date of Conferral

10-16-2023

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Public Health

Advisor

Simone Salandy

Abstract

There is a lack of research on the shared risk factors between female victims of IPV at risk of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HIV-positive females at risk of becoming a victim of IPV. The constructivist grounded theory and qualitative study aimed to explore shared documented and "novel" potential risk factors/themes among female victims burdened by IPV and HIV. The conceptual framework used was a social constructivist grounded theory. First, a literature review was conducted. Secondly, one-on-one online interviews and member checks were conducted with a purposeful sample of 18 subject matter experts after data were analyzed using ATLAS. ti. to, manage, code, and transcribe the data. Lastly, a second thorough literature review was conducted. Unique risk factors/themes for why female victims of IPV were at risk of HIV were: engaging with the wrong partner and accessibility to drugs. The unique risk factors/ themes for why HIV-positive females were at risk of becoming a victim of IPV were “cannot escape partner” and ignoring symptoms. The shared risk factors/themes were a lack of support, access to health care, drug/substance abuse, education, financial/mental and physical abuse, forced sex, HIV/STI status disclosure, isolation/withdrawal, negotiating condom use, sexual risky behaviors, socioeconomic status, and telehealth interventions. The shared novel potential risk factors/themes were accessibility to drugs, a lack of support, cannot escape partner, engaging with the wrong partner, and ignoring symptoms. Results may have a positive social change by developing or improving preventative measures for females experiencing the burden of IPV, HIV, and IPV and HIV.

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