Date of Conferral

2023

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Health Services

Advisor

Simone W. Salandy

Abstract

AbstractHispanic population represents the fastest growing minority group in the United States, and only California surpasses Texas with Hispanic residents in the United States. Overall, non-Hispanic Whites have higher rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence than Hispanics; however, Hispanic Americans have lower survival rates than non-Hispanic Whites. Using cross-sectional analysis, CRC screening modalities were examined to assess disparities among White only, non-Hispanic, Black only, non-Hispanic, and Hispanic populations in Texas to evaluate the impact of limited English proficiency (LEP) on CRC screening among Hispanic Americans residents. The age of study participants ranged from 50 to 79 (mean age = 65.8 years), and the data were obtained from the 2020 Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. The primary outcome was self-reported CRC screening status by the respondents. The study had a sample population, N =766, chosen randomly with 68.5% White only, non-Hispanic, 10.1% Black only, non-Hispanic, and 21.4% Hispanic participants. Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare CRC screening rates and modalities and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine predictors of CRC screening among participants in the study. The Chi-square tests indicated that there was a statistically significant association between LEP and non-LEP respondents. The findings showed that Hispanics with LEP have low CRC screening rates. Suggestions for positive social change include improvement in CRC screening using social centers to promote CRC screening, promotion of health literacy and transportation accessibility for vulnerable communities without access to public transport.

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