Date of Conferral

2022

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Human Services

Advisor

Kelly Chermack

Abstract

Gender bias plays a significant role in ministry and could prevent churches and congregations from benefitting from the values female ministers bring to the church in a leadership capacity. This bias can also prevent female ministers from accomplishing their career goals. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of gender bias held by female Master of Divinity (MDiv) students and whether they perceive gender bias has an effect on their choice of a career as a ministerial leader. Social cognitive career theory provided the framework for the study. The research question focused on gathering the perceptions held by female students and the experiences these students had with gender bias while enrolled in MDiv programs. Social media and snowball sampling were used to recruit 14 female MDiv students who were currently enrolled or had recently graduated. Data sources included interviews and journaling. Persson’s VSAIEEDC data analysis process indicated six themes: (a) Perceptions of influencers are both external and internal, (b) observations of traditional roles are limiting toward women, (c) lived experiences in MDiv programs are both positive and negative, (d) observations of gender bias in MDiv programs are frustrating and substantial, (e) observed effects on career choices are restrictive toward women, and (f) perceived measures needed for advancement are progressing slowly. The study’s potential for positive social change may include a reduction in the experiences of gender bias within MDiv programs. Male ministers, congregations, and church leaders may also benefit from an improved understanding of how gender bias limits the value female ministers bring to the church.

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