Date of Conferral

2021

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Health Services

Advisor

Kimberly Dixon-Lawson

Abstract

Perceptions of high blood pressure among African Americans and medicationnonadherence contribute to worsening cardiovascular disease compared to other racial groups; thus, they may suffer an increased lack of control of hypertension due to their subjective health beliefs. This study aimed to uncover health beliefs that result in nonadherence to medication advice, building on existing research associated with high blood pressure disparities despite recommendations for high blood pressure medication use. In this qualitative phenomenological study, the health belief model was used to identify the health beliefs of 12 African American patients with hypertension who were non-adherent to taking their prescribed medication. Research questions sought to expose the health beliefs and significance related to the beliefs of African Americans in maintaining control of their high blood pressure. Data collection included digitally recorded, open-ended, semi-structured interviews. As the result of thematic analysis, seven themes emerged: (a) trust, (b) self-efficacy, (c) denial, (d) relationships, (e) autonomy, (f) severity, and (g) physiological reactions. Participants self-identified that obstacles and beliefs played a significant role in their non-adherent behavior and that preserving their health was vital. Results indicated that patients were ready to act autonomously, and that adherence was essential in maintaining their health. This study may influence positive social change by encouraging relevant public dialogue among high blood pressure patients, policymakers, and healthcare professionals who work collaboratively and make decisions.

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