Date of Conferral

10-3-2025

Degree

Ph.D.

School

Psychology

Advisor

Medha Talpade

Abstract

Individuals balance personal needs and societal norms as they attempt to achieve self-fulfillment. However, those who have mental illness face marginalization from the workforce and diminished quality of life. Of the two prominent vocational programs – the Clubhouse and the Individualized Placement and Support (IPS) – that assist this population in integrating into the workforce, and therefore into society. It is unknown which program does better at helping the mental illness population meet their objectives of integration. Such a comparison is important because it will help these people to integrate into the workforce and into society, thereby increasing their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the vocational outcomes for those who participate in either of these two programs. As both programs seek to empower those who have persistent mental illness to integrate into the workforce, empowerment theory was used to address ways that these people transcend barriers in their attempts to achieve self-fulfillment. For those who participate in either program, the research questions were focused on the workplace outcomes in terms of hours worked and pay earned. In this quantitative archival research, Clubhouse (n = 12) archival data with known published IPS data (n = 58) was analyzed. A t test analysis was used to determine which program yields optimal outcomes. The results of this research indicate that the Clubhouse provides a marginal improvement over IPS. The outcome of this study has the potential to initiate positive social change through aiding practitioners in assisting their clients. Further, based on the objectives of individuals within this population, insights from this study should aid their placement decisions for optimal mobility of this marginalized population.

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