Date of Conferral

2-21-2025

Degree

Doctor of Public Health (DrPH)

School

Public Health

Advisor

Magdeline Aagard

Abstract

Evidence indicates that non-English-speaking mothers, particularly Spanish-only speakers, experience worse maternal health outcomes compared to their mainstream counterparts. Language barriers often hinder communication and negatively affect perinatal care. This study used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System from Florida (2019–2020) to examine associations between health insurance, income, and perinatal outcomes among Spanish and English-speaking women. Krieger’s eco-social theory guided this cross-sectional, quantitative analysis. Chi-square tests were used for bivariable analysis, and multivariable models were used to adjust for confounders. Results showed that native language alone significantly predicted specific outcomes such as large-for-gestational-age and low birth weight (LBW). However, interactions between language and income or insurance status were generally nonsignificant, suggesting that language alone is not a dominant determinant. Low income was also shown to be strongly associated with LBW. Additionally, maternal body mass index, smoking, and payment methods mediated perinatal risks. The type of insurance significantly influenced hospital stays over 24 hours but was not consistently predictive for other outcomes. These findings underscore the complex interplay of social, economic, and behavioral factors affecting perinatal outcomes. While income and insurance status are critical, language and modifiable health behaviors also play significant roles. To improve maternal and infant health outcomes, policies should adopt a holistic approach addressing both structural inequities and individual-level risks across diverse populations.

Download

Included in

Public Health Commons

Share

 
COinS